eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
113
115
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.74
2877
Resource Based View of the Firm as a Theoretical Lens on the Organisational Consequences of Quality Improvement
Christopher R. Burton
c.burton@bangor.ac.uk
1
Jo Rycroft-Malone
j.rycroft-malone1@lancaster.ac.uk
2
School of Healthcare Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
School of Healthcare Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
Evaluating the investment that healthcare organisations make in quality improvement requires knowledge of impact at multiple levels, including patient care, workforce and other organisational resources. The degree to which these resources help organisations to survive and thrive in the challenging contexts in which healthcare is designed and delivered is unknown. Investigating this question from the perspective of the Resource Based View (RBV) of the Firm may provide insights, although is not without challenge.
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2877_36a155b24788e06541bc409ebbac4c55.pdf
Resource Based View (RBV)
Evaluation
Quality Improvement
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
117
122
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.73
2868
Knowledge and Attitude of Saudi Health Professions’ Students Regarding Patient’s Bill of Rights
Salwa El-Sobkey
salwa-el-sobkey@hotmail.com
1
Alyah Almoajel
aalmoajel1@ksu.edu.sa
2
May Al-Muammar
malmuammar@ksu.edu.sa
3
Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Background Patient’s rights are worldwide considerations. Saudi Patient’s Bill of Rights (PBR) which was established in 2006 contained 12 items. Lack of knowledge regarding the Saudi PBR limits its implementation in health facilities. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of health professions’ students at College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS) Riyadh Saudi Arabia regarding the existence and content of Saudi PBR as well as their attitude toward its ineffectiveness. Method A 3-parts survey was used to collect data from 239 volunteer students participated in the study. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS. Results Results showed that although the majority of students (96.7%) believe in the ineffectiveness of patient’s rights, half (52.3%) of them had perceptual knowledge regarding the existence of Saudi PBR and only 7.9% of them were knowledgeable about some items (1–4 items) of the bill. Privacy and confidentiality of patient was the most common known patient’s rights. Students’ academic level was not correlated to neither their knowledge regarding the bill existence or its content nor to their attitude toward the bill. The majority of the students (93%) reported that only one course within their curriculum was patient’s rights-course related. About one quarter (23.4%) of the students reported that teaching staff used to mention patient’s rights in their teaching sessions. Conclusion The Saudi health professions students at CAMS have positive attitude toward the ineffectiveness of patient’s rights nevertheless they showed limited knowledge regarding the existence of Saudi PBR and its contents. CAMS curriculums do not support the subject of patient’s rights.
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2868_3c80e6ade9f6520bed21e5e847c4e92e.pdf
Patient’s Rights
Saudi Patient’s Bill of Rights (PBR)
Knowledge
Attitude
Bioethics
Saudi Health Profession Program Curriculum
Saudi Health Professions Student
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
123
128
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.71
2870
The Development of a Critical Appraisal Tool for Use in Systematic Reviews: Addressing Questions of Prevalence
Zachary Munn
zachary.munn@adelaide.edu.au
1
Sandeep Moola
sandeep.moola@adelaide.edu.au
2
Dagmara Riitano
dagmara.riitano@adelaide.edu.au
3
Karolina Lisy
karolina.lisy@adelaide.edu.au
4
The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Background Recently there has been a significant increase in the number of systematic reviews addressing questions of prevalence. Key features of a systematic review include the creation of an a priori protocol, clear inclusion criteria, a structured and systematic search process, critical appraisal of studies, and a formal process of data extraction followed by methods to synthesize, or combine, this data. Currently there exists no standard method for conducting critical appraisal of studies in systematic reviews of prevalence data. Methods A working group was created to assess current critical appraisal tools for studies reporting prevalence data and develop a new tool for these studies in systematic reviews of prevalence. Following the development of this tool it was piloted amongst an experienced group of sixteen healthcare researchers. Results The results of the pilot found that this tool was a valid approach to assessing the methodological quality of studies reporting prevalence data to be included in systematic reviews. Participants found the tool acceptable and easy to use. Some comments were provided which helped refine the criteria. Conclusion The results of this pilot study found that this tool was well-accepted by users and further refinements have been made to the tool based on their feedback. We now put forward this tool for use by authors conducting prevalence systematic reviews.
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2870_0929b9ffbadbf25352063d3fc53f78f0.pdf
Prevalence
Survey
Critical Appraisal
Systematic Review
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
129
134
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.70
2871
Macroeconomic Policies and Increasing Social-Health Inequality in Iran
Rouhollah Zaboli
rouhollah.zaboli@gmail.com
1
Seyed Hesam Seyedin
h.seyedin@iums.ac.ir
2
Zainab Malmoon
r-zaboli@razi.tums.ac.ir
3
Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background Health is a complex phenomenon that can be studied from different approaches. Despite a growing research in the areas of Social Determinants of Health (SDH) and health equity, effects of macroeconomic policies on the social aspect of health are unknown in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the effect of macroeconomic policies on increasing of the social-health inequality in Iran. Methods This study was a mixed method research. The study population consisted of experts dealing with social determinants of health. A purposive, stratified and non-random sampling method was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data along with a multiple attribute decision-making method for the quantitative phase of the research in which the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was employed for prioritization. The NVivo and MATLAB softwares were used for data analysis. Results Seven main themes for the effect of macroeconomic policies on increasing the social-health inequality were identified. The result of TOPSIS approved that the inflation and economic instability exert the greatest impact on social-health inequality, with an index of 0.710 and the government policy in paying the subsidies with a 0.291 index has the lowest impact on social-health inequality in the country. Discussion It is required to invest on the social determinants of health as a priority to reduce health inequality. Also, evaluating the extent to which the future macroeconomic policies impact the health of population is necessary.
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2871_5f3306b2fa555e82b5c1830a89cde969.pdf
Macroeconomic Policies
Social Determinants of Health (SDH)
Inequality
Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)
Iran
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
135
144
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.78
2876
Analysis of Economic Determinants of Fertility in Iran: A Multilevel Approach
Maryam Moeeni
mmoeini1387@gmail.com
1
Abolghasem Pourreza
abolghasemp@yahoo.com
2
Fatemeh Torabi
fa.torabi@gmail.com
3
Hassan Heydari
hassanheydari78@gmail.com
4
Mahmood Mahmoudi
mahmoodim@tums.ac.ir
5
Department of Management and Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Management and Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Department of Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background During the last three decades, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in Iran has fallen considerably; from 6.5 per woman in 1983 to 1.89 in 2010. This paper analyzes the extent to which economic determinants at the micro and macro levels are associated with the number of children in Iranian households. Methods Household data from the 2010 Household Expenditure and Income Survey (HEIS) is linked to provincial data from the 2010 Iran Multiple-Indicator Demographic and Health Survey (IrMIDHS), the National Census of Population and Housing conducted in 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2011, and the 1985–2010 Iran statistical year books. Fertility is measured as the number of children in each household. A random intercept multilevel Poisson regression function is specified based on a collective model of intra-household bargaining power to investigate potential determinants of the number of children in Iranian households. Results Ceteris paribus (other things being equal), probability of having more children drops significantly as either real per capita educational expenditure or real total expenditure of each household increase. Both the low- and the high-income households show probabilities of having more children compared to the middle-income households. Living in provinces with either higher average amount of value added of manufacturing establishments or lower average rate of house rent is associated to higher probability of having larger number of children. Higher levels of gender gap indices, resulting in household’s wife’s limited power over household decision-making, positively affect the probability of having more children. Conclusion Economic determinants at the micro and macro levels, distribution of intra-household bargaining power between spouses and demographic covariates determined fertility behavior of Iranian households.
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2876_e807e13a7e663f070600e65060266592.pdf
Fertility
Multilevel Analysis
Intra-Household Bargaining Power
Economic Determinants
Iran
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
145
148
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.76
2873
Interrelation of Preventive Care Benefits and Shared Costs under the Affordable Care Act (ACA)
Robert Dixon
dixon@gwu.edu
1
Attila Hertelendy
ahete@fiu.edu
2
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, USA
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, USA
With the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), access to insurance and coverage of preventive care services has been expanded. By removing the barrier of shared costs for preventive care, it is expected that an increase in utilization of preventive care services will reduce the cost of chronic diseases. Early detection and treatment is anticipated to be less costly than treatment at full onset of chronic conditions. One concern of early detection of disease is the cost to treat. In reality, the confluence of early detection may result in greater overall expenditures. Even with improved access to preventive care benefits, cost-sharing of other health services remains a major component of insurance plans. In order to treat identified conditions or diseases, cost-sharing comes into play. With the greater adoption of cost-sharing insurance plans, expenditures on the part of enrollee are anticipated to rise. Once the healthcare recipients realize the implication of early identification and resultant treatment costs, enrollment in preventive care may decline. Healthcare legislation and regulation should consider the full spectrum of care and the microeconomic costs associated with preventive treatment. Although the system at large may not realize the immediate impact, behavioral shifts on the part of healthcare consumers may alter healthcare. Rather than the current status quo of treating presenting conditions, preventive treatment is largely anticipated to require more resources and may impact the consumer’s financial capacity. This report will explore how these two concepts are co-dependent, and highlight the need for continued reform.
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2873_82e924a0ee21074a1a60025d3990d1d4.pdf
Preventive Care
Affordable Care Act (ACA)
Shared Costs
Cost Management
Insurance Accessibility
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
149
150
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.75
2874
Democracy – The Real ‘Ghost’ in the Machine of Global Health Policy; Comment on “A Ghost in the Machine? Politics in Global Health Policy”
Andrew Harmer
andrew.harmer@lshtm.ac.uk
1
Global Public Health Unit, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Politics is not the ghost in the machine of global health policy. Conceptually, it makes little sense to argue otherwise, while history is replete with examples of individuals and movements engaging politically in global health policy. Were one looking for ghosts, a more likely candidate would be democracy, which is currently under attack by a new global health technocracy. Civil society movements offer an opportunity to breathe life into a vital, but dying, political component of global health policy.
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2874_df5c1ec40e804b4841345f794c7e1141.pdf
Democracy
Partnerships
Civil Society
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
151
153
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.77
2875
A Spanner in the Works? Anti-Politics in Global Health Policy; Comment on “A Ghost in the Machine? Politics in Global Health Policy”
David McCoy
d.mccoy@qmul.ac.uk
1
Guddi Singh
singhguddi123@gmail.com
2
Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Queen Mary University, London, UK
National Health Service and Medact, London, UK
The formulation of global health policy is political; and all institutions operating in the global health landscape are political. This is because policies and institutions inevitably represent certain values, reflect particular ideologies, and preferentially serve some interests over others. This may be expressed explicitly and consciously; or implicitly and unconsciously. But it’s important to recognise the social and political dimension of global health policy. In some instances however, the politics of global health policy may be actively denied or obscured. This has been described in the development studies literature as a form of ‘anti-politics’. In this article we describe four forms of anti-politics and consider their application to the global health sector.
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2875_2dca8ee458e05504b7a018b7d1fbb952.pdf
Global Health Policy
Global Health Governance
Politics
Anti-Politics
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
155
156
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.79
2878
Prevention under the Affordable Care Act (ACA): Has the ACA Overpromised and under Delivered?; Comment on “Interrelation of Preventive Care Benefits and Shared Costs under the Affordable Care Act (ACA)”
Carol Molinari
cmolinari@ubalt.edu
1
Health Systems Management, School of Health and Human Services, University of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
This policy brief discusses preventive care benefits and cost-sharing included in health insurance provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) legislation and highlights some consequences to Americans and the country in terms of healthcare costs and value.
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2878_fd7b11c3d783ee4b882f2fbe6b337283.pdf
Consumer Cost-Sharing
Value-Based Cost-Sharing
Healthcare Costs and Benefits
Affordable Care Act (ACA)
US Healthcare Reform
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
157
158
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.80
2879
Politics Matters: A Response to Recent Commentaries
Ruairí Brugha
rbrugha@rcsi.ie
1
Carlos Bruen
carlos.bruen@gmail.com
2
Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
Department of Epidemiology & Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2879_92974d3f41dbf7031151eef2ccda089e.pdf
Global Health
Politics
Health Policy
eng
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
2014-08-01
3
3
159
159
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.72
2872
Earmarking Tobacco Taxes for Health Purposes via Median Entities
Michael Igoumenidis
migoumen@ppp.uoa.gr
1
Kostas Athanasakis
kathanasakis@esdy.edu.gr
2
National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2872_134de666dae6772d794860a2740eccf8.pdf
Tobacco Taxation
Earmarked Taxes, Fiscal Policies