Single Versus Multi-Faceted Implementation Strategies – Is There a Simple Answer to a Complex Question? A Response to Recent Commentaries and a Call to Action for Implementation Practitioners and Researchers

Document Type : Correspondence

Authors

1 School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

2 Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

Keywords

Main Subjects


We are increasingly aware of the need to be as effective and efficient as possible when designing and applying strategies to implement evidenceinformed changes into policy and practice, particularly within our resource constrained health systems. Implementation efforts consume a range of resources, including time, people, educational input, and communication systems to name just a few... (Read more...)

  1. Chambers D, Simpson L. Introduction to the 7th Annual Conference on the Science of Dissemination and Implementation: transforming health systems to optimize individual and population health. Implementation Science. 2015;10(Suppl 1):I1. doi:10.1186/1748-5908-10-S1-I1
  2. Harvey G, Kitson A. Translating evidence into healthcare policy and practice: single versus multi-faceted implementation strategies – is there a simple answer to a complex question? Int Health Policy Manag. 2015;4(3):123-126. doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2015.54
  3. Squires J, Sullivan K, Eccles M, Worswick J, Grimshaw J. Are multifaceted interventions more effective than single-component interventions in changing health-care professionals' behaviours? An overview of systematic reviews. Implement Sci. 2014;9(1):152.
  4. Rycroft-Malone J. It’s more complicated than that: Comment on "Translating evidence into healthcare policy and practice: single versus multi-faceted implementation strategies – is there a simple answer to a complex question?" Int Health Policy Manag. 2015;4(7):481-482. doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2015.67
  5. Wilkinson JE, Frost H. "Horses for Courses": Comment on "translating evidence into healthcare policy and practice: single versus multi-faceted implementation strategies – is there a simple answer to a complex question?" Int Health Policy Manag. 2015;4(10):685-686. doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2015.127
  6. Bucknall T, Fossum M. It is not that simple nor compelling! Comment on "translating evidence into healthcare policy and practice: single versus multi-faceted implementation strategies - is there a simple answer to a complex question?" Int J Health Policy Manag. 2015;4(11):787-788. doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2015.142
  7. Eldh AC, Wallin L. How single is "single" - some pragmatic reflections on single versus multifaceted interventions to facilitate implementation comment on "translating evidence into healthcare policy and practice: single versus multifaceted implementation strategies - is there a simple answer to a complex question?" Int J Health Policy Manag. 2015;4(10):699-701. doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2015.133
  8. Harvey G, Kitson A. Implementing Evidence-Based Practice in Healthcare: A facilitation guide. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge; 2015.
  9. Carlile PR. Transferring, translating, and transforming: an integrative framework for managing knowledge across boundaries. Organ Sci. 2004;15(5):555-568. doi:10.1287/orsc.1040.0094
  10. Michie S, van Stralen M, West R. The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions. Implement Sci. 2011;6:42.
  11. Cane J, O'Connor D, Michie S. Validation of the theoretical domains framework for use in behaviour change and implementation research. Implement Sci. 2012;7:37.
  12. Weiner B. A theory of organizational readiness for change. Implement Sci. 2009;4:67.
  13. May C, Mair F, Finch T, et al. Development of a theory of implementation and integration: Normalization Process Theory. Implement Sci. 2009;4:29. doi:10.1186/1748-5908-4-29
  14. Kitson A, Harvey G, McCormack B. Enabling the implementation of evidence based practice: a conceptual framework. Qual Health Care. 1998;7:149-159.
  15. Rycroft-Malone J, Kitson A, Harvey G, et al. Ingredients for change: revisiting a conceptual framework. Qual Saf Health Care. 2002;11:174-180.
  16. Harvey G, Kitson A. PARIHS re-visited: introducing i-PARIHS. In: Harvey G, Kitson A, eds. Implementing Evidence-Based Practice in Health Care: A facilitation guide. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge; 2015.
  17. Damschroder L, Aron D, Keith R, Kirsh S, Alexander J, Lowery J. Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science. Implement Sci. 2009;4:50. doi:10.1186/1748-5908-4-50
  18. Graham I, Tetroe JM. The Knowledge to Action Framework. In: Rycroft-Malone J, Bucknall T, eds. Models and Frameworks for Implementing Evidence-Based Practice: Linking Evidence to Action. Chichester, England: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.
  19. Carlile PR. A pragmatic view of knowledge and boundaries: boundary objects in new product development. Organ Sci. 2002;13(4):442-455. doi:10.1287/orsc.13.4.442.2953
  20. Hoffmann TC, Glasziou PP, Boutron I, et al. Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. BMJ. 2014;348: g1687. doi:10.1136/bmj.g1687
  21. Pinnock H, Epiphaniou E, Sheikh A, et al. Developing standards for reporting implementation studies of complex interventions (StaRI): a systematic review and e-Delphi. Implement Sci 2015;10(1):42. doi:10.1186/s13012-015-0235-z