Home Articles List Article Information
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
Journal Archive
Volume Volume 6 (2017)
Volume Volume 5 (2016)
Volume Volume 4 (2015)
Volume Volume 3 (2014)
Volume Volume 2 (2014)
Volume Volume 1 (2013)
Shams, L., Akbari Sari, A., Yazdani, S. (2016). Values in Health Policy – A Concept Analysis. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 5(11), 623-630. doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2016.102
Lida Shams; Ali Akbari Sari; Shahram Yazdani. "Values in Health Policy – A Concept Analysis". International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 5, 11, 2016, 623-630. doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2016.102
Shams, L., Akbari Sari, A., Yazdani, S. (2016). 'Values in Health Policy – A Concept Analysis', International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 5(11), pp. 623-630. doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2016.102
Shams, L., Akbari Sari, A., Yazdani, S. Values in Health Policy – A Concept Analysis. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 2016; 5(11): 623-630. doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2016.102

Values in Health Policy – A Concept Analysis

Article 3, Volume 5, Issue 11, November 2016, Page 623-630  XML PDF (653 K)
Document Type: Review Article
DOI: 10.15171/ijhpm.2016.102
Authors
Lida Shams1; Ali Akbari Sari1; Shahram Yazdani 2
1Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2Department of Medical Education, School of Medical Education, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background
Despite the significant role “values” play in decision-making no definition or attributes regarding the concept have been provided in health policy-making. This study aimed to clarify the defining attributes of a concept of value and its irrelevant structures in health policy-making. We anticipate our findings will help reduce the semantic ambiguities associated with the use of “values” and other concepts such as principles, criteria, attitudes, and beliefs.
 
Methods
An extensive search of literature was carried out using electronic data base and library. The overall search strategy yielded about 1540 articles and 450 additional records. Based on traditional qualitative research, studies were purposefully selected and the coding of articles continued until data saturation was reached. Accordingly, 31 articles, 2 books, and 5 other documents were selected for the review. We applied Walker and Avant’s method of concept analysis in studying the phenomenon. Definitions, applications, attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the concept of “value in health policy-making” were extracted. We also identified similarities and differences that exist between and within them.
 
Results
We identified eight major attributes of “value in health policy-making”: ideological origin, affect one’s choices, more resistant to change over time, source of motivation, ability to sacrifice one’s interest, goal-oriented nature for community, trans-situational and subjectivity. Other features pinpointed include alternatives, antecedents, and consequences. Alternative, antecedents and consequences case may have more or fewer attributes or may lack one of these attributes and at the same time have other distinctive ones.
 
Conclusion
Despite the use of the value framework, ambiguities still persist in providing definition of the concept value in health policy-making. Understanding the concept of value in health policy-making may provide extra theoretical support to decision-makers in their policy-making process, to help avoid poor policy formulation and wastage of limited resources.
Keywords
Values; Health; Policy-making; Ideology; Principle; Belie
Main Subjects
Health Policy
References
  1. Strydom WF, Funke N, Nienaber S, Nortje K, Steyn M. Evidencebased policymaking: a review. S Afr J Sci. 2010;106(5-6):17-24. doi:10.4102/sajs.v106i5/6.249
  2. Canadian  Health  Services  Research  Foundation.  Health Services  Research  and  Evidence-Based  Decision-Making. http://www.cfhi-fcass.ca/migrated/pdf/mythbusters/EBDM_e.pdf.  Published  2000.
  3. Wood  Bridge  K,  Fulford  KW. Whose Values? A Workbook for Values-Based Practice in Mental Health Care.London, UK: The Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health; 2004.
  4. Kehoe SM, Ponting JR. Value importance and value congruence as  determinants  of  trust  in  health  policy  actors.  Soc  Sci  Med. 2003;57(6):1065-1075.  doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00485-9
  5. Kjervik DK. A values orientation to health care policy. J Prof Nurs. 1996;12(2):67. doi: 10.1016/S8755-7223(96)80049-4
  6. Stewart J. Public Policy Values. University of New South Wales, Australia: Australian Defence Force Academy; 2009.
  7. Giacomini M, Hurley J, Gold I, Smith P, Abelson J. The policy analysis  of  ‘values  talk’:  lessons  from  Canadian  health reform.  Health  Policy.  2004;67(1):15-24.  doi:10.1016/S0168-8510(03)00100-3
  8. Segal E. Social Welfare Policy and Social Programs: A Values Perspective. Boston:  Cengage  Learning;  2009.
  9. Nvail  S.  Canadians’  values  and  attitudes  on  Canada’s  health care system: a synthesis of survey results. A Conference Board of Canada report from the Economic Forecasting Group; 2001.
  10. McLaughlin  B.  Values  in  behavioral  science. J Relig Health. 1965;4(3):258-279.  doi:10.1007/BF01532334
  11. William R MJ. Concept of Value In International Encyclopedia of  the  Social  Sciences.  12th  ed.  D.  L.  Sills  Glencoe,  Ill:  Free Press;  1968.
  12. Sackett  DL,  Straus  SE,  Scott  Richardson  W,  Rosenberg  W, Haynes  RB. Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach EBM. 2nd  ed.  Edinburgh:  Churchill  Livingstone;  2000.
  13. Rodgers  BL,  Knafl  KA. Concept Development in Nursing: Foundations, Techniques, and Applications.  United  Kingdom: Saunders;  2000.
  14. McKenna HP. Nursing Theories and Models. Psychology Press; 1997.
  15. Morse  JM.  Exploring  the  theoretical  basis  of  nursing  using advanced  techniques  of  concept  analysis.   Adva  Nurs   Sci. 1995;17(3):31-46.  doi:10.1097/00012272-199503000-00005
  16. Powers  BA,  Knapp  TR. Dictionary of Nursing Theory and Research.  Springer  Publishing;  2005.
  17. Walker  LO,  Avant  KC. Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall; 2005.
  18. Baldwin  MA,  Rose  P.  Concept  analysis  as  a  dissertation methodology.  Nurse Educ Today.  2009;29(7):780-783. doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2009.03.009
  19. Morse JM, Hupcey JE, Mitcham C, Lenz ER. Concept analysis in  nursing  research:  a  critical  appraisal. Sch Inq Nurs Pract. 1996;10(3):253-277.
  20. Schwartz  SH,  Bilsky  W.  Toward  a  universal  psychological structure of human values. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1987;53(3):550-562.  doi:10.1037/0022-3514.53.3.550
  21. Reich  BC. Values Attitudes and Behaviour Change.  Suffolk: Methuen;  1976.
  22. Fulford  KW.  The  value  of  evidence  and  evidence  of  values: bringing together values-based and evidence-based practice in policy and service development in mental health. J Eval Clin Pract. 2011;17(5):976-987.  doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2011.01732.x
  23. Gasparatos  A.  Embedded  value  systems  in  sustainability assessment  tools  and  their  implications. J Environ Manage. 2010;91(8):1613-1622.  doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.03.014
  24. Giacomini M, Hurley J, Gold I, Smith P, Abelson J. ‘Values’ in Canadian Health Policy Analysis: What Are We Talking About? Canadian  Health  Services  Research  Foundation  (CHSRF); 2001.
  25. Schwartz SH. Universals in the content and structure of values: theoretical  advances  and  empirical  tests  in 20 countries. Adv Exp Soc Psychol. 1992;25(1):61-65.
  26. Deth  JW,  Scarbrough  E.  The  Impactof  Values:  Beliefs  in Government.  United  Kingdom:   Foundation  EAS;  1998.
  27. Niemeyer  S.  Deliberation  in  the  wilderness:  displacing symbolic  politics.  Env Polit. 2004;13(2):347-372.  doi: 10.1080/0964401042000209612
  28. Giacomini  M,  Kenny  N,  DeJean  D.  Ethics  frameworks  in Canadian  health  policies:  foundation,  scaffolding,  or  window dressing?  Health  Policy.  2009;89(1):58-71.  doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2008.04.010
  29. Roberts M, Hsiao W, Berman P, Reich M. Getting health reform right:a  guide  to  improving  performance  and  equity.  Oxford University  Press;  2008.
  30. Hoedemaekers R, Dekkers W. Justice and solidarity in priority setting  in  health  care. Health Care Anal.  2003;11(4):325-343. doi:10.1023/B:HCAN.0000010061.71961.87
  31. Sumaco  FT,  Imrie  BC,  Hussain  K.  The  Consequenceof Malaysian National Culture Values on Hotel Branding. Procedia. 2014;144(0):91-101.  doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.277
  32. National Forum on Health. Canada Health Action: Building on the Legacy. Volume II. Synthesis Reports and Issues Papers; 1997. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hcs-sss/pubs/renewal-renouv/1997-nfoh-fnss-v2/index-eng.php. Accessed June 13, 2015.
  33. National Forum on Health. Canada HealthAction: Building on the Legacy.  Volume  1.  Final  Report  1997. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hcs-sss/pubs/renewal-renouv/1997-nfoh-fnss-v1/index-eng.php. Accessed June 13, 2015.
  34. Rokeach  M.  A  theory  of  organization  and  change  within value-attitude  systems.  J Soc Issues.  1968;24(1):13-33. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb01466.x
  35. Rokeach  M. The Nature of Human Values.  New  York:  Free press;  1973.
  36. Chippendale  P.  On  values,  ethics,  morals  &  principles. http://econ.au.dk.  Accessed  March  12,  2015.  Published  2001.
  37. Tetlock  PE. A  value  pluralism  model  of  ideological  reasoning. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;50(4):819.  doi:10.1037/0022-3514.50.4.819
  38. Rodgers  BL.  Concept  analysis:  an  evolutionary  view.  In: Rodgers BL, Knafl KA, eds. Concept Development in Nursing: Foundations, Techniques and Applications.  Philadelphia:  WB Saunders;  2000.
  39. Clark S, Weale A. Social values in health priority setting: a conceptual framework. Journal of Health, Organisation and Management. 2012;26(3):293-316. doi:10.1108/14777261211238954
  40. Chinn  PL,  Kramer  MK. Theory and Nursing: A Systematic Approach.  St  Louis,  MO:  Mosby;  1995.
  41. Dalio  R.  Principles.  http://www.bwater.com/Uploads/FileManager/Principles/Bridgewater-Associates-Ray-DalioPrinciples.pdf.  Accessed  June  13,  2015.  Published  2011.
  42. Principles.  Wikipedia  website:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle. Accessed  June  13,  2015.
  43. Oxford  University. Oxford American Dictionary of Current English.  New  York:  Oxford  University  Press;  1999.
  44. Merriam-Webster  web  site. http://www.merriam-webster.com/. Accessed Octobr 23, 2015
  45. Belton  V,  Stewart  T.  Multiple  Criteria  Decision  Analysis:  An Integrated  Approach.  Springer  US;  2002.  doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1495-4
  46. Fine  G.  Plato  on  Knowledge  and  Forms:  Selected  Essays. Oxford  University  Press;  2003.
  47. Ammerman  Rr. Belief, Knowledge, and Truth.  New  York: Scribner;  1970.
  48. Breakwell GM. doing Social Psychology Research. Wiley; 2008.
  49. Mills AE, Spencer EM. Values based decision making: a tool for achieving the goals of healthcare. HEC Forum. 2005;17(1):18-32.
  50. Goetghebeur MM, Wagner M, Khoury H, Levitt RJ, Erickson LJ, Rindress D. Evidence and Value: Impact on DEcisionMaking - The EVIDEM framework and potential applications. BMC Health Serv Res. 2008;8:270. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-8-270
  51. McCartney  JJ.  Values  based  decision  making  in  healthcare: introduction.  HEC Forum. 2005;17(1):1-5.
  52. Fulford KW. Values-based practice: a new partner to evidencebased  practice  and  a  first  for  psychiatry?  Mens Sana Monographs.  2008;6(1):10-21.  doi:10.4103/0973-1229.40565
  53. Krishnan  VR.  Does  management  education  make  students better actors? A longitudinal study of change in values and self monitoring.  Great  Lakes  Herald.  2008;2:36-47.
  54. Smith MB. Values, Self, and Society: Toward a Humanist Social Psychology. Transaction Publishers; 1991
  55. Woodruff  AD,  Divesta  FJ.  The  relationship  between  values, concepts,  and  attitudes. Educ Psychol Meas.  1948;8(4):645-659.  doi:10.1177/001316444800800409
  56. David E. A Systems Analysis of Political Life. New York: John Wiley;  1965. doi:10.1002/bs.3830130208
  57. Rezsohazy R. Values: psychological perspectives. In: Smelser N, Baltes P, eds. International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Amsterdam:  Elsevier;  2001.
Statistics
Article View: 5,045
PDF Download: 2,044