Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
Resource Based View of the Firm as a Theoretical Lens on the Organisational Consequences of Quality Improvement
113
115
EN
Christopher R.
Burton
School of Healthcare Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
c.burton@bangor.ac.uk
Jo
Rycroft-Malone
0000-0003-3858-5625
School of Healthcare Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
j.rycroft-malone1@lancaster.ac.uk
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.74
<span>Evaluating the investment that healthcare organisations make in quality improvement requires knowledge of impact at multiple levels, including patient care, workforce and other organisational resources. The degree to which these resources help organisations to survive and thrive in the challenging contexts in which healthcare is designed and delivered is unknown. Investigating this question from the perspective of the Resource Based View (RBV) of the Firm may provide insights, although is not without challenge. </span>
Resource Based View (RBV),Evaluation,Quality Improvement
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2877.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2877_36a155b24788e06541bc409ebbac4c55.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
Knowledge and Attitude of Saudi Health Professions’ Students Regarding Patient’s Bill of Rights
117
122
EN
Salwa
B.
El-Sobkey
Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical
Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
salwa-el-sobkey@hotmail.com
Alyah
M.
Almoajel
Department of
Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
aalmoajel1@ksu.edu.sa
May
N.
Al-Muammar
Department of
Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
malmuammar@ksu.edu.sa
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.73
Background <br />Patient’s rights are worldwide considerations. Saudi Patient’s Bill of Rights (PBR) which was established in 2006 contained 12 items. Lack of knowledge regarding the Saudi PBR limits its implementation in health facilities. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of health professions’ students at College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS) Riyadh Saudi Arabia regarding the existence and content of Saudi PBR as well as their attitude toward its ineffectiveness. <br /> <br />Method <br />A 3-parts survey was used to collect data from 239 volunteer students participated in the study. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics using SPSS. <br /> <br />Results <br />Results showed that although the majority of students (96.7%) believe in the ineffectiveness of patient’s rights, half (52.3%) of them had perceptual knowledge regarding the existence of Saudi PBR and only 7.9% of them were knowledgeable about some items (1–4 items) of the bill. Privacy and confidentiality of patient was the most common known patient’s rights. Students’ academic level was not correlated to neither their knowledge regarding the bill existence or its content nor to their attitude toward the bill. The majority of the students (93%) reported that only one course within their curriculum was patient’s rights-course related. About one quarter (23.4%) of the students reported that teaching staff used to mention patient’s rights in their teaching sessions. <br /> <br />Conclusion <br />The Saudi health professions students at CAMS have positive attitude toward the ineffectiveness of patient’s rights nevertheless they showed limited knowledge regarding the existence of Saudi PBR and its contents. CAMS curriculums do not support the subject of patient’s rights.
Patient’s Rights,Saudi Patient’s Bill of Rights (PBR),Knowledge,Attitude,Bioethics,Saudi Health Profession Program Curriculum,Saudi Health Professions Student
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2868.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2868_3c80e6ade9f6520bed21e5e847c4e92e.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
The Development of a Critical Appraisal Tool for Use in Systematic Reviews: Addressing Questions of Prevalence
123
128
EN
Zachary
Munn
The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
zachary.munn@adelaide.edu.au
Sandeep
Moola
The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
sandeep.moola@adelaide.edu.au
Dagmara
Riitano
The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
dagmara.riitano@adelaide.edu.au
Karolina
Lisy
The Joanna Briggs Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
karolina.lisy@adelaide.edu.au
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.71
Background <br />Recently there has been a significant increase in the number of systematic reviews addressing questions of prevalence. Key features of a systematic review include the creation of an a priori protocol, clear inclusion criteria, a structured and systematic search process, critical appraisal of studies, and a formal process of data extraction followed by methods to synthesize, or combine, this data. Currently there exists no standard method for conducting critical appraisal of studies in systematic reviews of prevalence data. <br /> <br />Methods <br />A working group was created to assess current critical appraisal tools for studies reporting prevalence data and develop a new tool for these studies in systematic reviews of prevalence. Following the development of this tool it was piloted amongst an experienced group of sixteen healthcare researchers. <br /> <br />Results <br />The results of the pilot found that this tool was a valid approach to assessing the methodological quality of studies reporting prevalence data to be included in systematic reviews. Participants found the tool acceptable and easy to use. Some comments were provided which helped refine the criteria. <br /> <br />Conclusion <br />The results of this pilot study found that this tool was well-accepted by users and further refinements have been made to the tool based on their feedback. We now put forward this tool for use by authors conducting prevalence systematic reviews.
Prevalence,Survey,Critical Appraisal,Systematic Review
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2870.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2870_0929b9ffbadbf25352063d3fc53f78f0.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
Macroeconomic Policies and Increasing Social-Health Inequality in Iran
129
134
EN
Rouhollah
Zaboli
0000-0002-6512-7278
Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
rouhollah.zaboli@gmail.com
Seyed Hesam
Seyedin
Health Management and Economics Research Center,
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
h.seyedin@iums.ac.ir
Zainab
Malmoon
Health Management and Economics Research Center,
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
r-zaboli@razi.tums.ac.ir
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.70
Background <br />Health is a complex phenomenon that can be studied from different approaches. Despite a growing research in the areas of Social Determinants of Health (SDH) and health equity, effects of macroeconomic policies on the social aspect of health are unknown in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the effect of macroeconomic policies on increasing of the social-health inequality in Iran. <br /> <br />Methods <br />This study was a mixed method research. The study population consisted of experts dealing with social determinants of health. A purposive, stratified and non-random sampling method was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data along with a multiple attribute decision-making method for the quantitative phase of the research in which the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was employed for prioritization. The NVivo and MATLAB softwares were used for data analysis. <br /> <br />Results <br />Seven main themes for the effect of macroeconomic policies on increasing the social-health inequality were identified. The result of TOPSIS approved that the inflation and economic instability exert the greatest impact on social-health inequality, with an index of 0.710 and the government policy in paying the subsidies with a 0.291 index has the lowest impact on social-health inequality in the country. <br /> <br />Discussion <br />It is required to invest on the social determinants of health as a priority to reduce health inequality. Also, evaluating the extent to which the future macroeconomic policies impact the health of population is necessary.
Macroeconomic Policies,Social Determinants of Health (SDH),Inequality,Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS),Iran
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2871.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2871_5f3306b2fa555e82b5c1830a89cde969.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
Analysis of Economic Determinants of Fertility in Iran: A Multilevel Approach
135
144
EN
Maryam
Moeeni
Department of Management and Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
mmoeini1387@gmail.com
Abolghasem
Pourreza
0000-0002-6957-6660
Department of Management and Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
abolghasemp@yahoo.com
Fatemeh
Torabi
Department of Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
fa.torabi@gmail.com
Hassan
Heydari
Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran,
Iran
hassanheydari78@gmail.com
Mahmood
Mahmoudi
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
mahmoodim@tums.ac.ir
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.78
Background <br />During the last three decades, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in Iran has fallen considerably; from 6.5 per woman in 1983 to 1.89 in 2010. This paper analyzes the extent to which economic determinants at the micro and macro levels are associated with the number of children in Iranian households. <br /> <br />Methods <br />Household data from the 2010 Household Expenditure and Income Survey (HEIS) is linked to provincial data from the 2010 Iran Multiple-Indicator Demographic and Health Survey (IrMIDHS), the National Census of Population and Housing conducted in 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2011, and the 1985–2010 Iran statistical year books. Fertility is measured as the number of children in each household. A random intercept multilevel Poisson regression function is specified based on a collective model of intra-household bargaining power to investigate potential determinants of the number of children in Iranian households. <br /> <br />Results <br />Ceteris paribus (other things being equal), probability of having more children drops significantly as either real per capita educational expenditure or real total expenditure of each household increase. Both the low- and the high-income households show probabilities of having more children compared to the middle-income households. Living in provinces with either higher average amount of value added of manufacturing establishments or lower average rate of house rent is associated to higher probability of having larger number of children. Higher levels of gender gap indices, resulting in household’s wife’s limited power over household decision-making, positively affect the probability of having more children. <br /> <br />Conclusion <br />Economic determinants at the micro and macro levels, distribution of intra-household bargaining power between spouses and demographic covariates determined fertility behavior of Iranian households.
Fertility,Multilevel Analysis,Intra-Household Bargaining Power,Economic Determinants,Iran
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2876.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2876_e807e13a7e663f070600e65060266592.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
Interrelation of Preventive Care Benefits and Shared Costs under the Affordable Care Act (ACA)
145
148
EN
Robert
Dixon
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, USA
dixon@gwu.edu
Attila
Hertelendy
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, USA
ahete@fiu.edu
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.76
With the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), access to insurance and coverage of preventive care services has been expanded. By removing the barrier of shared costs for preventive care, it is expected that an increase in utilization of preventive care services will reduce the cost of chronic diseases. Early detection and treatment is anticipated to be less costly than treatment at full onset of chronic conditions. One concern of early detection of disease is the cost to treat. In reality, the confluence of early detection may result in greater overall expenditures. Even with improved access to preventive care benefits, cost-sharing of other health services remains a major component of insurance plans. In order to treat identified conditions or diseases, cost-sharing comes into play. With the greater adoption of cost-sharing insurance plans, expenditures on the part of enrollee are anticipated to rise. Once the healthcare recipients realize the implication of early identification and resultant treatment costs, enrollment in preventive care may decline. Healthcare legislation and regulation should consider the full spectrum of care and the microeconomic costs associated with preventive treatment. Although the system at large may not realize the immediate impact, behavioral shifts on the part of healthcare consumers may alter healthcare. Rather than the current status quo of treating presenting conditions, preventive treatment is largely anticipated to require more resources and may impact the consumer’s financial capacity. This report will explore how these two concepts are co-dependent, and highlight the need for continued reform.
Preventive Care,Affordable Care Act (ACA),Shared Costs,Cost Management,Insurance Accessibility
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2873.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2873_82e924a0ee21074a1a60025d3990d1d4.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
Democracy – The Real ‘Ghost’ in the Machine of Global Health Policy; Comment on “A Ghost in the Machine? Politics in Global Health Policy”
149
150
EN
Andrew
Harmer
Global Public Health Unit, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
andrew.harmer@lshtm.ac.uk
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.75
Politics is not the ghost in the machine of global health policy. Conceptually, it makes little sense to argue otherwise, while history is replete with examples of individuals and movements engaging politically in global health policy. Were one looking for ghosts, a more likely candidate would be democracy, which is currently under attack by a new global health technocracy. Civil society movements offer an opportunity to breathe life into a vital, but dying, political component of global health policy.
Democracy,Partnerships,Civil Society
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2874.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2874_df5c1ec40e804b4841345f794c7e1141.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
A Spanner in the Works? Anti-Politics in Global Health Policy; Comment on “A Ghost in the Machine? Politics in Global Health Policy”
151
153
EN
David
McCoy
0000-0001-7305-8594
Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Queen Mary University, London,
UK
d.mccoy@qmul.ac.uk
Guddi
Singh
National Health Service and Medact, London, UK
singhguddi123@gmail.com
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.77
The formulation of global health policy is political; and all institutions operating in the global health landscape are political. This is because policies and institutions inevitably represent certain values, reflect particular ideologies, and preferentially serve some interests over others. This may be expressed explicitly and consciously; or implicitly and unconsciously. But it’s important to recognise the social and political dimension of global health policy. In some instances however, the politics of global health policy may be actively denied or obscured. This has been described in the development studies literature as a form of ‘anti-politics’. In this article we describe four forms of anti-politics and consider their application to the global health sector.
Global Health Policy,Global Health Governance,Politics,Anti-Politics
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2875.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2875_2dca8ee458e05504b7a018b7d1fbb952.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
Prevention under the Affordable Care Act (ACA): Has the ACA Overpromised and under Delivered?; Comment on “Interrelation of Preventive Care Benefits and Shared Costs under the Affordable Care Act (ACA)”
155
156
EN
Carol
Molinari
Health Systems Management, School of Health and Human Services, University of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
cmolinari@ubalt.edu
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.79
This policy brief discusses preventive care benefits and cost-sharing included in health insurance provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) legislation and highlights some consequences to Americans and the country in terms of healthcare costs and value.
Consumer Cost-Sharing,Value-Based Cost-Sharing,Healthcare Costs and Benefits,Affordable Care Act (ACA),US Healthcare Reform
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2878.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2878_fd7b11c3d783ee4b882f2fbe6b337283.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
Politics Matters: A Response to Recent Commentaries
157
158
EN
Ruairí
Brugha
0000-0003-0729-0197
Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
rbrugha@rcsi.ie
Carlos
Bruen
Department of Epidemiology & Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
carlos.bruen@gmail.com
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.80
Global Health,Politics,Health Policy
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2879.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2879_92974d3f41dbf7031151eef2ccda089e.pdf
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
2322-5939
3
3
2014
08
01
Earmarking Tobacco Taxes for Health Purposes via Median Entities
159
159
EN
Michael
Igoumenidis
National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
migoumen@ppp.uoa.gr
Kostas
Athanasakis
National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
kathanasakis@esdy.edu.gr
10.15171/ijhpm.2014.72
Tobacco Taxation,Earmarked Taxes, Fiscal Policies
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2872.html
https://www.ijhpm.com/article_2872_134de666dae6772d794860a2740eccf8.pdf