Kerman University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Health Policy and Management 2322-5939 14 1 2025 12 01 Rethinking Healthy Societies: A Critical Commentary on Policy Levers and Enablers; Comment on “How to Build Healthy Societies: A Thematic Analysis of Relevant Conceptual Frameworks” 1 4 4739 10.34172/ijhpm.9059 EN Hanan Khalil Department of Public Health, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia Journal Article 2025 02 28 <span class="fontstyle0">The pursuit of healthy societies has long been a global aspiration, yet the pathways to achieving them remain fraught with challenges. The paper “How to Build Healthy Societies: A Thematic Analysis of Relevant Conceptual Frameworks” provides an insightful thematic analysis, identifying key policy levers and enablers necessary for transformative change. This commentary critically examines the paper’s approach, highlighting the need for a more profound engagement with political and economic structures. Additionally, the commentary highlights the role of civic engagement and evidence-based policy-making in overcoming systemic inertia. Ultimately, achieving healthy societies requires a paradigm shift—one that moves beyond technical solutions towards an equity-driven and justiceoriented framework.</span>  Healthy Societies Policy Levers Social Determinants of Health Political Economy Governance Equity https://www.ijhpm.com/article_4739_188be44235a56944625a748e8f805049.pdf