Social Responsibility of the Hospitals in Isfahan City, Iran: Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey

Keyvanara, Mahmoud; Sajadi, Haniye Sadat

doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2015.29

Social Responsibility of the Hospitals in Isfahan City, Iran: Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

² Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

10.15171/ijhpm.2015.29

Abstract

Background
Changes in modern societies develop the perception that the external environment is essential in organization’s practices, especially in the way they deal with aspects such as human rights, community needs, market demands and environmental interests. These issues are usually under the umbrella of the concept of social responsibility. Given the importance of this concept in the context of health care delivery, suggesting a new paradigm in hospital governance, the aim of this study was to measure the social responsibility in hospitals.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was employed to collect data from a sample of 946 hospital staff of Isfahan city. Data was obtained by structured and valid self-administrated questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive and analytic statistics using SPSS.

Results
The mean score of hospitals’ social responsibility was 3.0 compared with the justified range from 1.0 to 5.0. Results showed that there was a significant relationship between social responsibility score and hospitals’ ownership (public or private). Also, there was no significant relationship between social responsibility and type of hospital specialty.

Conclusion
It is recommended that hospital managers develop and apply appropriate policies and strategies to improve their hospitals’ social responsibility level, especially through concentrating on their staff’s working environment.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Health Management

References

Salehiamiri SR, Hajiyani E, Omidvar A, Omidiyani SH, Khalili M, Sasani H, et al. Organization's social responsibility. Tehran: Research Institute of Strategic Researches; 2008.

Dahlsrud A. How corporate social responsibility is defined: an analysis of 37 definitions. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 2008; 15: 1-13. doi: 10.1002/csr.132

Panwar R, Han X, Hansen E. A demographic examination of societal views regarding corporate social responsibility in the US forest products industry. Forest Policy and Economics 2010; 12: 121-8. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2009.09.003

Chandrakala V. Measuring corporate social resposibility in Bengalure north district: A case study. International Journal of Entrepreneurship & Business Environment Perspectives 2014; 2: 710-4.

Evans R, Stoddart G. Producing health, consuming health care. Soc Sci Med 1990; 31: 1347-63. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(90)90074-3

Donohoe M. Causes and health consequences of environmental degradation and social injustice. Soc Sci Med 2003; 56: 573-87. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00055-2

Abreu R, David F, Crowther D, Date S, Exports M. Corporate social responsibility is urgently needed in health care. Social Responsibility Journal 2005; 1: 225-40. doi: 10.1108/eb045813

Upshur RE, Moineddin R, Crighton E, Kiefer L, Mamdani M. Simplicity within complexity: Seasonality and predictability of hospital admissions in the province of Ontario 1988–2001, a population-based analysis. BMC Health Serv Res 2005; 5: 13.

Sadaghiyani E. Hospital organization and management. Tehran: Jahanrayane Publication; 1998.

Dooley K. Organizational Complexity, International Encyclopedia of Business and Management. London: Thompson Learning; 2002.

Brandão C, Rego G, Duarte I, Nunes R. Social responsibility: a new paradigm of hospital governance? Health Care Anal 2013; 21: 390-402. doi: 10.1007/s10728-012-0206-3

Acar W, Aupperle K, Lowy R. An empirical exploration of measures of social responsibility across the spectrum of organizational types. International Journal of Organizational Analysis 2001; 9: 26-57. doi: 10.1108/eb028927

Daza JR. A valuation model for corporate social responsibility. Social Responsibility Journal 2009; 5: 284-99. doi: 10.1108/17471110910977230

Quazi A, O'Brien D. An empirical test of a cross-national model of corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics 2000; 25: 33-51.

McGuire J, Sundgren A, Schneeweis T. Corporate social responsibility and firm financial performance. Academy of Management Journal 1988; 31: 854-72. doi: 10.2307/256342

De Hoogh AH, Den Hartog DN. Ethical and despotic leadership, relationships with leader's social responsibility, top management team effectiveness and subordinates' optimism: A multi-method study. Leadersh Q 2008; 19: 297-311. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2008.03.002

Maignan I. Consumers' perceptions of corporate social responsibilities: A cross-cultural comparison. Journal of Business Ethics 2001; 30: 57-72.

Maignan I, Ferrell OC. Nature of corporate responsibilities: Perspectives from American, French, and German consumers. Journal of Business Research 2003; 56: 55-67. doi: 10.1016/s0148-2963(01)00222-3

Okada Y, Watanabe K. Social responsibility for the use of genes, genomes and biotechnology in biotechnology companies: A commentary from the bioethical viewpoint. J Commer Biotechnol 2008; 14: 149-67. doi: 10.1057/jcb.2008.2

Potluri R, Batima Y, Madiyar K. Corporate social responsibility: a study of Kazakhstan corporate sector. Social Responsibility Journal 2010; 6: 33-44. doi: 10.1108/17471111011024531

Ettenborough M, Shyne J. Corporate Social Responsibility, Public Policy And the Oil Industry in Angola. 2003 [cited 2015 January 12]. Available from: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPSD/ Resources/Angola/Angola_Petroleum_CSRsurvey.pdf

Khan M, Halabi A, Samy M. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting: a study of selected banking companies in Bangladesh. Social Responsibility Journal 2009; 5: 344-57. doi: 10.1108/17471110910977276

Ellis AD. The impact of corporate social responsibility on employee attitudes and behaviors [PhD’s thesis]. USA: Arizona State University; 2008.

Jatana R, Crowther D. Corporate Social Responsibility and the Empowerment of Women: An Indian Perspective. Social Responsibility Journal 2007; 3: 40-8. doi: 10.1108/17471110710840224

Kakabadse N, Rozuel C. Meaning of corporate social responsibility in a local French hospital: a case study. Society and Business Review 2006; 1: 77-96. doi: 10.1108/17465680610643364

Merali F. NHS managers’ commitment to a socially responsible role: the NHS managers' views of their core values and their public image. Social Responsibility Journal 2005; 1: 38-46. doi: 10.1108/17465680610643364

Griffiths J. Environmental sustainability in the national health service in England. Public Health 2006; 120: 609-12. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2006.04.005

Kreisberg J. Green Healthcare in America: Just What are We Doing? Explore (NY) 2007; 3: 521-3. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2007.07.008

Tudor TL, Bannister S, Butler S, White P, Jones K, Woolridge AC, et al. Can corporate social responsibility and environmental citizenship be employed in the effective management of waste?: Case studies from the National Health Service (NHS) in England and Wales Resources. Conservation and Recycling 2008; 52: 764-74.

Crane A, Matten D. Business ethics: A European perspective. Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalisation. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2004.

Lawshe CH. A quantitative approach to content validity1. Pers Psychol 1975; 28: 563-75.

Bhuiyan A. O124 Community health providers and their social responsibility. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009; 107: S128-S. doi: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)60496-3

Dincer C, Dincer B. Corporate Social Responsibility: Future Prospects in the Turkish Context. Social Responsibility Journal 2007; 3: 44. doi: 10.1108/17471110710835572

Merali F. Developing an explicit strategy towards social responsibility in the NHS. Journal of Health, Organization and Management 2006; 20: 309-24.

Rohini R, B. M. Social responsibility of hospitals: an Indian context. Social Responsibility Journal2010; 6: 268-85. doi: 10.1108/17471111011051766

Givel M. Motivation of chemical industry social responsibility through Responsible Care. Health Policy 2007; 81: 85-92. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2006.05.015

Post F. A response to “the social responsibility of corporate management: a classical critique”. American Journal of Business 2003; 18: 25-35. doi: 10.1108/19355181200300002

Málovics G, Csigéné NN, Kraus S. The role of corporate social responsibility in strong sustainability. J Socio Econ 2008; 37: 907-18. doi: 10.1016/j.socec.2006.12.061

Holmqvist M. Corporate social responsibility as corporate social control: The case of work-site health promotion. Scandinavian Journal of Management 2009; 25: 68-72. doi: 10.1016/j.scaman.2008.08.001

Mittelmark M. Promoting social responsibility for health: health impact assessment and healthy public policy at the community level. Health Promot Int 2001; 16: 269.