Unresolved Issues in Implementing Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) Approach

Document Type : Letter to Editor

Author

Department of Family Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

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Dear Editor,

Debate has been continuing for the implementation for Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) strategy on childhood pneumonia to curve under-5 mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Recent systematic reviews are still divided into both positives1,2 and negatives3 on the effectiveness of training and supportive supervision.4 ... (Read more...)

 

References

  1. Tawfiq E, Alawi S, Natiq K. Effects of training health workers in integrated management of childhood illness on quality of care for under-5 children in primary healthcare facilities in Afghanistan. Int J Health Policy Manag 2020;9(1):17-26. doi:10.15171/IJHPM.2019.69
  2. Baynes C, Mboya D, Likasi S, et al. Quality of sick child-care delivered by community health workers in Tanzania. Int J Health Policy Manag. 2018;7(12):1097-1109. doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2018.63
  3. Clarke-Deelder E, Shapira G, Samaha H, et al. Quality of care for children with severe disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. BMC Public Health 2019;19(1):1608.  doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7853-3
  4. Meaney P, Joyce C, Setlhare S, et al. Knowledge acquisition and retention following Saving Children’s Lives course for healthcare providers in Botswana: a longitudinal cohort study. BMJ Open. 2019;9(8):e029575. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029575
  5. The Young Infants Clinical Signs Study Group. Clinical signs that predict severe illness in chidlren under age 2 months: a multicenter study. Lancet. 2008;371:135-142. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60106-3
  6. Rambaud-Althaus C, Althaus F, Genton B, et al. Clinical features for diagnosis of pneumonia in childrne younger than 5 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2015;15:439-450. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(15)70017-4
  7. World Health Organization (WHO). Exploratory meeting to review new evidence for Integrated Management of Childhood Illnedd danger signs, Geneva, Switzerland, 4-5 September 2018. Gevena, Switzerland: WHO; 2019.
  8. Nabwire J, Namasopo S, Hawkes M. Oxygen availability and nursing capacity for oxygen therapy in Ugandan pediatric wards. J Trop Pediatr. 2018;64:97-103. doi:10.1093/tropej/fmx033
  9. Masigati H, Potter G, Morikawa M, et al. Strengthening distric healthcare in rural Africa: a cross-sectional survey assessing difficulties in pulse oximetry use and handoff practice. Int J Commun Med Public Health. 2019;6(1):57-60. doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185227
  10. McCollum E, King C, Deula R, et al. Pulse oximetry for children with pneumonia treated as outpatients in rural Malawi. Bull World Health Organ. 2016;94:893-902. doi:10.2471/BLT.16.173401
  11. Ginsburg A, Delarosa J, Brunette W, et al. mPneumonia: Development of an innovative mHealth application for diagnosing and treating childhood pneumonia and other childhood illnesses lin low-resource settings. PloS One. 2015;10(10):e0139625. doi:10.2471/BLT.16.173401
  12. Shaikh B, Hatcher J. Health seeking behaviour and health service utilization in Pakistain: challenging the policy makers. J Public Health (Oxf). 2005;27(1):49-54. doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdh207
  13. Oswald S, Clewett J. Delivering health services in fragile states and difficult environments: 13 key principles. London, UK: Health Unlimited; 2007.
  14. Simoes E, Desta T, Tessema T, et al. Performance of health workers after training in integrated management of childhood illness in Gondar, Ethiopia. Bull World Health Organ. 1997;75 (Suppl 1):43-53.
  15. Kalter H, Schillinger JA, Hossain M, et al. Identifying sick children requiring referral to hospital in Bangladesh. Bull World Health Organ. 1997;75 Suppl 1:65-75.

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History

  • Receive Date: 16 April 2020
  • Revise Date: 31 May 2020
  • Accept Date: 31 May 2020
  • First Publish Date: 01 May 2021

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